Archive for the ‘Uncategorized’ Category

New Computer for Christmas?

Thursday, December 10th, 2009

New Computer for Christmas? You’d better watch out.
New computers not always best option, experts say.
by Tim Grier, CET Computer Magician

It’s that time of year again and, very often, a new computer is on someone’s Christmas list, but buying a new computer may simply be a more complicated and expensive issue than you once thought. Perhaps all you really need is an upgrade to your existing machine.
The first question you need to ask: What will be the new computer’s primary use? It’s important to match the computer’s software and hardware to the needs of the user. If your computer is for gaming, make sure you get a high-end video card and lots of memory, a really large hard drive isn’t all that necessary. If you are planning on using the computer for pictures or music collections, make sure you get a large hard drive to store your information. A simple office computer rarely needs extensive resources. If your new system is for school, check on the school’s specific requirements regarding network connectivity options, operating system choices, anti-virus recommendations and, especially, any major-specific applications like PhotoShop, Adobe Illustrator, or Microsoft Office. These programs may have their own minimum requirements – make sure your system will support them. Even on new computers, you’ll rarely get applications “pre-loaded” and they can be pretty expensive; so make sure you know what you’re getting. There are free alternatives to many of these high priced applications such as Open Office and Inkscape, but make sure the school isn’t requiring the industry standard program before going a different way.
If your new system is just for surfing the internet and getting mail, a netbook may be your best choice. But if you’re going to be doing much more than that, you probably won’t be happy with the netbook. The video display and keyboard are small as are the drive capacities.
If you are buying a brand new computer, remember this: As your computer ages, it will invariably need to be upgraded to meet the demands of new software advances. Often times, proprietary computers like Compaq, HP, and Apple can be significantly more expensive to upgrade than the “off-the-shelf” custom-built systems. If you can afford it, get all of the “upgrades” upfront on these proprietary systems; purchase the extra memory or the larger hard drive when you initially purchase the system or get a custom-built computer which can easily and less expensively be upgraded in the future.
Laptop or desktop: The major advantage of a laptop is portability—that is what they are designed for. However, the laptop’s battery life is a significant consideration; so pay the extra and get the longer life battery if you’re going to use your laptop away from an outlet for very long. If you don’t need portability or you’re going to be gaming then the more expensive laptop isn’t really the best option. You can generally purchase desktops for much less and, and for gaming, they are much better options. Laptops also have a habit of overheating with prolonged use, desktops don’t generally have these types of issues.
Mac or PC:  Overall, Mac’s are great, yet expensive, computers. They aren’t as susceptible to viruses as PC’s – no hacker worth his “cred” would ever intentionally write a virus that would affect fewer users, he’d go to hit as many computers as possible and since more people use PC’s than Mac’s then the reason for the PC’s virus problems is obvious. Mac’s are also more stable than PC’s because they use proprietary components for the most part – the hardware and software are often developed together so they work better together. PC’s do crash more often than Mac’s. The downside of the Mac’s proprietary streak is that if you want an upgrade, be prepared to go to the Apple store and spend significant amounts of money. Also, Mac’s do not generally support the wide range of applications that PC’s do. Mac’s are big in the graphic design and video editing worlds because the applications needed to accomplish those things run much better on them, since they’re designed that way. My biggest issue with them is that Mac’s are several times more expensive than a traditional PC initially and in the long run.
Upgrading an older system: Adding memory can speed up most systems. While a slow computer is often the result of malware and registry errors, increasing your memory capacity often resolves the speed problems of a virus-free computer. Another option is to replace your existing hard drive with a larger one. Hard drives are analogous to an office filing cabinet, it stores everything (all of your data, files, pictures, and music) even when the computer is powered down. Upgrading your video card can provide for increased graphics potential and replacing an old network interface card, router and modem can increase your speed online.
Once you decide: Don’t forget antivirus software and backup options. Purchase a high quality antivirus option, but remember that the more your antivirus software does, the more of the computer’s resources it will require. So keep it simple and keep it updated. You also need to take the time to create a recovery disk when you get your new computer up and running, it will be an invaluable resource in the future. Finally, computers do crash. Backup your important documents and pictures. If you fail to do so, you may never be able to retrieve those items. When buying a new system, take your time, do some research, ask some questions, and take your computing needs into consideration—you’ll be happier with your purchase in the long run.

Protecting yourself by protecting your computer

Thursday, November 19th, 2009

Protecting yourself from malicious software can be a “full-time” venture. The number of viruses, trojans, rogues, spyware, adware, and other malware infections continues to rise in the United States. These nasty little scripts can cause problems from a slow computer to data loss to being framed for child pornography. Yes, some of the current malware infections can even open “backdoors” to your computer allowing some very nasty people to save information, even pictures or videos, on your computer without your knowledge. In an Associated Press investigation, reported by Jordan Robertson, individuals have been accused of, and charged with, child pornography for pictures found on their computers of which they had no knowledge. This is very scary and, potentially, an extremely serious problem. If pornographic pictures can be placed on your computer without your knowledge and accessed across the internet whenever the perpetrator wants, how about stolen bank records or credit card information, maybe even terrorist plans or hacked national security files that would then be considered to be in your possession – they are on your computer, right?
So what can you do? How can you protect yourself? Dennis Hughes, an FBI agent, once said, “The only secure computer is one that’s unplugged, locked in a safe, and buried 20 feet under the ground in a secret location… and I’m not even too sure about that one”. While quite funny, this quote is also eerily true. But there are things that you can do to protect yourself: maintain your antivirus software, keep your operating system updated, protect your passwords, clean up your computer by deleting unneeded or unused document files, clear your temporary internet files and cookies, and run scans for malware and remove any infections, even minor ones, immediately.
For more information on the AP investigation, check out Jordan Robertson’s November 15, 2009 article, “Computer users claim they were framed by a virus”. You can view the article at http://labs.daylife.com/journalist/jordan_robertson. If you want help protecting your computer, contact your current IT support professional or call CET, your computer magicians.

Information Security

Friday, October 30th, 2009

Information security is a term that refers to the policies, common practices, and means used to maintain the confidentiality, the integrity, and the availability of data. It involves protecting yourself, your family, your employer and your customers. From stopping the destruction of vital files to countering the misuse of personal data, information security has become one of the fastest growing and most critical areas in the IT field. Everyday there are reports of identity theft, corporate systems being hacked, and government websites under siege. To combat these threats, comprehensive steps must be taken to provide for the security of information and can be accomplished through an effective four-tiered program encompassing physical security, personnel security, software security, and cryptographic security.
Physical security is simply taking the appropriate steps with a computer that you would normally take with any other valuable. Would you leave your wallet lying out on your desk when you leave the room to get a drink from the water fountain or would you donate an old pair of pants to the Goodwill store and leave your social security card in the back pocket? Of course not, but everyday computers are left logged on for anyone to use, laptops are left unattended, and old computers are thrown out or recycled with personal data on intact, usable hard drives. In this new Information Age, we must remember the sensitivity of the data that our computers handle everyday and we have to get into the habit of locking the door, putting it away, and keeping unauthorized people from getting access to it. Not all breaches of physical security are intentional; sometimes, employees can get busy and forget to lock the door or log out of the server when they’re done. When something does happen – a laptop is stolen or an unauthorized person is found trespassing in the data center – it is extremely important that it is reported and data can be checked to help maintain its confidentiality, integrity and availability. Don’t be embarrassed by accidents, make it right by reporting it. By being vigilant and following set procedures, physical security programs are the first tier of a complete information security program.
Personnel security measures are those policies and procedures taken to ensure that the people who are put in places of trust are worthy of that responsibility. Many corporations and government organizations go to great lengths and spend millions of dollars every year to make sure that the people they hire are honest and responsible because they have “customers” depending on them to do just that. Background checks and investigations have almost become commonplace in the job search process. Compromised passwords, ghost accounts, and the breaches of account restrictions are all serious offenses that can be caused by an insider, someone who has trusted access to the system, who intentionally weakens its security. While intentional misuse of responsibilities may account for a breach in security, untrained employees, those who simply don’t know any better, can also account for breaches. The FTC, Federal Trade Commission, has created a website that helps businesses protect their customers’ information by providing training for their employees. For more information on protecting personal information, check out http://www.ftc.gov/infosecurity/. The access to data in an organization must be regulated through a “need to know” policy and secured by trustworthy people. Businesses know that their people must be worthy of the responsibilities given them and they look for, and pay well, those whom they can trust.
Software security involves the programs that are running on the computers and the protection of the information handled by those programs. Firewalls, antivirus software, and monitoring programs all work at this level of security. Heuristic monitoring and memory resident tools are a part of most antivirus software programs today. While signature scanners look through the files located on your computer for matching “definitions” that have been updated, memory resident and heuristic monitoring tools watch for malicious logic events associated with viruses, worms (self-replicating programs that use networks to send themselves to other computers) or “backdoors” such as file downloading, Internet-initiated programs, the copying and unzipping of files, and remote access. When suspicious operations are detected, they are halted and reports are sent to the user indicating such activity. While often considered troublesome and the butt of comical Mac commercials on television, Microsoft’s Vista and Internet Explorer 7 security features are having a positive impact in the fight against fraud and identity theft. For more information, check out the video tutorial by Microsoft at http://www.microsoft.com/protect/videos/yourself.mspx. By providing users with allied applications that help protect the data on a computer, manufacturers are taking some of the burden for information security off the individual. Still, it is the responsibility of the user to implement these tools.
Cryptographic security is about making your information unreadable by others. Windows XP Professional and the NTFS filing system allow you to protect your files by using the Encrypting File System (EFS). When you encrypt a file, you change it to a format that can’t be read without the key; anyone who attempts to read the file without your log on or authentication will find the information unintelligible. As company intranets, privately maintained networks that are restricted to authorized users only (such as company employees), have grown in numbers, the access of data from remote computers has become a business necessity, and a curse at the same time. With encryption of these files, the management and security of these virtual files across an intranet can be more easily handled.

References:
“Help keep your data safe.” Microsoft Help and Support. Microsoft Corporation. 7 Apr 2008. 20 Dec 2005. .
Meyers, Mike. All in One CompTIA A+ Certification Exam Guide. 6th ed.. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2007.
“Protecting Personal Information: A Guide for Business.” Federal Trade Commission. Federal Trade Commission. 7 Apr 2008 .
“Protecting Yourself.” Microsoft Video Tutorials. Microsoft Corporation. 7 Apr 2008 .
White, Ron. How Computers Work. 6th ed.. Indianapolis, IN: Que Corporation, 2002.